3%) 3 (1 3%) Gastrointestinal disorder  Nausea 239 (7 1%) 2 (0 8%

3%) 3 (1.3%) Gastrointestinal disorder  Nausea 239 (7.1%) 2 (0.8%)  Diarrhea 234 (7.0%) 11 (4.6%) Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorder  Dermatitis 76 (2.3%) 0 (0.0%)  Eczema 59 (1.8%) 3 (1.3%) Discussion Our results indicate CBL0137 in vitro a stable fracture rate

and maintenance of BMD with strontium ranelate treatment over 10 years, despite an increase in age and prevalent fractures in the population. The major result of our study is the comparable cumulative incidences of vertebral and nonvertebral fracture in the same population over two consecutive 5-year periods. The significantly lower rate of fracture than the FRAX®-matched placebo group could be considered as indirect evidence for the sustained antifracture efficacy of strontium ranelate over 10 years of treatment. Our findings also support the safety of strontium ranelate up to 10 years’ treatment, with rates of events related to venous thromboembolism and neurological disorders in accordance with those observed over 5 years in the original studies. Long-term trials Navitoclax in vivo are not simple to perform, and extension studies are fraught with methodological problems Selleck GW786034 associated with an open-label design, small samples, and the absence of a placebo control. In osteoporosis, this renders antifracture efficacy difficult to evaluate, decreasing the reliability

of the results [18]. Long-term treatment with alendronate has been explored in an extension study, in which patients who had received 5 years’ treatment entered a 5-year extension with alendronate or placebo [2]. The objective

was to assess the effects of continuation or discontinuation of alendronate on BMD after 5 years’ treatment, while the incidence of fracture constituted an exploratory endpoint only. There was a continuous increase in BMD at the lumbar spine with long-term alendronate, and plateaus at the other sites. Despite Org 27569 the small but statistically significant between-group differences in BMD, there was no increase in morphometric vertebral or nonvertebral fractures among patients who discontinued versus those who continued alendronate. However, there was a 2.9% significant absolute risk increase in clinical spine fracture in patients who discontinued treatment. Another alendronate study [19] showed similar effects on BMD after 10 years’ treatment, but again could not conclude on vertebral fracture incidence, which was assessed as a safety rather than efficacy endpoint. Similar results were reported for risedronate in a study in which 83 patients continued for 7 years [1]. Another agent that has been tested long term is raloxifene, for which results over 8 years in women with breast cancer showed maintenance of the increases in lumbar spine and femoral neck BMD, but was inconclusive on fracture risk [4, 5].

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