All participants with daily and weekly incontinence (29%) complet

All participants with daily and weekly incontinence (29%) completed the

Incontinence Impact Questionnaire, an incontinence specific quality of life measure. The health maintenance organization’s inpatient and outpatient electronic databases were used to calculate a Charlson comorbidity index score for each participant. ANCOVA was used to produce a model adjusting for sociodemographic variables, comorbidity and incontinence frequency. selleck chemicals The same model was run for each of 4 racial groupings to examine differences by race/ethnicity.

Results: Urinary incontinence is significantly associated with a decreased quality of life and those with more frequent incontinence have significantly lower quality of life scores. In our model the Charlson score, an objective measure of comorbidity based on hospital and physician records, also has a significant negative impact on quality of life. When comorbidity is controlled, GW3965 purchase incontinence frequency continues to have a significant negative association with quality of life except among the sickest women. For women with the greatest extent of comorbidity, incontinence frequency is not significantly associated with negative quality of

life outcomes. We did not find clear patterns of variation by race.

Conclusions: Urinary incontinence and comorbidity each have an independent INCB018424 and significant role in reducing quality of life outcomes for all but the sickest women.”
“OBJECTIVE: The interpeduncular cistern, including the

retroinfundibular area, is one of the most challenging regions to approach surgically. The pituitary gland and the infundibulum guard the region when an endonasal route is undertaken. Superior transposition of the pituitary gland and infundibulum is described as a functional means to access this complex region through a fully endoscopic, completely transnasal route.

METHODS: Ten consecutive patients in whom a pituitary transposition was performed during an expanded endonasal approach at the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center for resection of retroinfundibular lesions were reviewed. The series consisted of seven men and three women with a mean age of 44.4 years. Pathology consisted of four craniopharyngiomas, four chordomas, and two petroclival meningiomas.

RESULTS: Five patients (50%) underwent total resection of the tumor, three patients (30%) underwent near total resection (>95% removal), and two patients (20%) had partial resection of petroclival meningiomas with the goal of optic apparatus decompression. All four patients with visual deficits recovered their vision completely. There was no neurological deterioration. Eight patients had normal pituitary function preoperatively, seven of whom (87.

Comments are closed.