A total of 156 radiosynovectomies (RS) were performed in 104 joints corresponding to 78 haemophiliacs (yttrium-90, rhenium-186). The mean patient age was 18 years. In another study involving the same group of patients, the parameters that improved most after RS were pain and haemarthrosis, followed by the World Federation of Hemophilia clinical score, muscle strength and range of movement (ROM). Following RS, improvement was seen to be independent of patient age, haemophilia type and grade, previous haematological

treatment, the presence or absence of circulating inhibitor, synovial membrane size, the type of joint (elbow, knee and ankle), previous physical activity or lack of activity, the prior presence or absence of radiographic signs of joint degeneration (arthropathy) or the isotope used. RS is effective in treating haemophilic synovitis and may require 1–3 injections (RS-1, Epacadostat in vitro RS-2 and RS-3) spaced 6 months apart. Following RS-1, the knee had a 3.4- and 3.2-fold greater risk of not improving in terms of pain, compared with the elbow and ankle, respectively. Regarding ROM, lesser improvement was recorded after RS-1 in cases of severe haemophilia and the ankle. In other words, severe haemophilia implies a 2.1-fold greater risk of no improvement Wnt inhibitor in ROM compared with mild and moderate haemophilia. In addition, the ankle presented a 6-fold greater risk of not improving in terms of ROM

compared with the elbow and knee. RS affords effective treatment of chronic haemophilic synovitis. RS is effective in Glycogen branching enzyme all patient groups, independently of the presence of circulating inhibitor antibody, the type of joint involved, the degree of synovial membrane hypertrophy and the presence of radiographic findings of joint degeneration (arthropathy). “
“There have been four UK cases in which variant Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease (vCJD) infection has most likely been transmitted by the transfusion of nonleucodepleted red cells from blood donors unknowingly infected with vCJD. Plasma from these and other donors who subsequently

developed vCJD contributed to many plasma pools used in the manufacture of clotting factor concentrates in the 1980s and 1990s. This has led to precautions being taken in recipients of UK clotting factor concentrates to reduce any risk of secondary onward transmission. Although the risk of vCJD transmission by plasma products remains unknown, the demonstration of abnormal prion protein at autopsy in an asymptomatic patient with hemophilia A likely represents the first case of vCJD transmission by clotting factor concentrates. “
“The deficiency or abnormal function of von Willebrand factor (VWF) causes von Willebrand disease (VWD), the most frequent inherited bleeding disorder. The laboratory diagnosis of VWD can be difficult as the disease is heterogeneous and an array of assays is required to describe the phenotype.