Proximal Autophagy inhibitor gastric enlargements occurred in 17 (30 %) of the 57 who had LAGB and removal of the band occurred in 7 (12 %). The annual maintenance costs including additional surgery was AUD $765 per patient per year.

Bariatric surgery with the LAGB can achieve long-term weight reduction which is better than a program of non-surgical therapy. There is also a sustained reduction of the metabolic syndrome. There is a significant maintenance requirement after LAGB.”
“Through determination of cellulase in terms of protein

content in the hydrolyzate after hydrolysis, it was found that 50.15-67.21% of the originally added protein was still remained in the hydrolyzate. Tannin flocculation followed RSL-3 by PEG desorption was coupled to recover this portion

of cellulase. About 94.99% of the protein in the hydrolyzate was precipitated into Tannin-cellulase compound under tannin concentration of 5% (w/v) with pH 5.0 and NaCl concentration of 1.0%. In order to desorb cellulase from Tannin-cellulase compound, PEG 6000 was employed as a desorbent. The recovered enzyme activity reached 133.25% when the PEG concentration was 1.5% (w/v). This, to some extent, indicated that PEG was also an effective activator of cellulase. The article is published in the original.”
“We report a very rare case of malignant invasive thymoma with intraluminal growth through the thymic veins into the superior vena cava (SVC), with intracardiac Pinometostat right atrium extension. A 44-year old female with SVC syndrome underwent a radical thymectomy with pericardiectomy and complete removal of the endovascular and endocardiac neoplastic thrombus by a longitudinal incision starting

from the atrium and extending along the SVC. The left anonymous vein was sacrificed, and the SVC and atrium were repaired with a continuous 5-0 Prolene suture. The hospital stay was uneventful. Postoperatively, the patient received adjuvant chemoradiotherapy (three cycles of cisplatin, doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide and subsequent mediastinal irradiation with 50 Gy). Nine months after surgery, no recurrences were seen and the patient is still well. This thymoma presentation with intravascular growth without direct vascular wall infiltration, although very rare, is possible and the management may be challenging. In our case, a primary radical operation was considered mandatory due to the clinical symptoms and the risk of neoplastic embolization. The collection of other similar cases could better clarify the role of adjuvant therapy.”
“Objective: Pediatric traumatic cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak is a challenging problem in diagnosis and management. Posttraumatic leaks frequently present by intermittent rhinorrhea or by recurrent attacks of meningitis, which can be the only presenting symptom.

The first year on PD is Epacadostat in vivo a main determining factor for the membrane’s future, and the mass transfer coefficient of creatinine at year 1 is the best functional predictor of future PD history. After 5 years on dialysis, permeability frequently increases, and UF decreases. Icodextrin is associated with peritoneal protection.

Conclusions: Peritoneal membrane prognosis is independent of baseline transport characteristics. Intrinsic fast transport and low UF are reversible conditions when peritonitis and high glucose exposure are avoided during the early dialysis period. Icodextrin helps in glucose avoidance and is associated with peritoneal protection. Perit Dial

Int 2012; 32(6): 636-644 www.PDIConnect.com epub ahead of print: 02 Apr 2012 doi: 10.3747/pdi.2011.00137″
“We investigate the influence of the interdigital transducer (IDT) structure on the amplitude of the surface acoustic wave (SAW) in a SAW device. The SAW amplitude at the entrance of the quantum point contact (QPC) is obtained by using coupling-of-modes theory and p-matrix method. The calculated results indicate that a device with an IDT with a relatively small aperture, large pairs of IDT fingers, and short distance between the active IDT and the QPC, the

SAW amplitude is typically enhanced under the same radio frequency (rf) power. Based on these results, we design buy AG-120 the corresponding SAW devices, and good agreement is achieved between the experimental data and the numerical results. In experiment, for the devices with optimal IDTs, the rf powers required to observe the quantized acoustoelectric current are reduced; correspondingly,

the rf heating effect is reduced. Most importantly, the improvement of the accuracy of the quantized plateau is achieved. (C) 2009 American Institute of Physics. [doi: 10.1063/1.3257173]“
“Although traditionally it was believed that adult neurons have entered a permanent post-mitotic phase, the latest experimental data indicate that cell cycle constituents critically affect normal functions of the adult central nervous system (CNS), as well as contribute to the pathophysiology of both acute and chronic neurodegenerative disorders. Recent study has also suggested that cell cycle pathways are involved in mediating not only neuronal cell death but also glial changes which may play key roles Protein Tyrosine Kinase inhibitor in the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying acute and chronic neurodegenerative disorders. Therefore, therapies that inhibit cell cycle may have robust neuroprotective profiles, particularly after acute insults, by targeting multiple pathogenic mechanisms and could be useful clinically if used with a delivery focused on specific areas and of a limited duration.”
“Background: Widespread Al toxicity is unusual today. In 2005, Canadian peritoneal dialysis (PD) centers reported widespread hyperaluminemia in patients using dialysates from one specific manufacturer.

PZT 90/10 and PLZT 2/90/10 undergo two phase transitions, from a cubic paraelectric to a rhombohedral untilted ferroelectric (FE) phase and on further cooling to a tilted FE phase. PLZT 4/90/10 and PLZT 10/90/10 are incommensurately modulated and composed of an intergrowth of polar and antipolar

cation displacements. These samples consequently demonstrate a FE soft mode which exhibits minimal frequency several tens of degrees above the nominal antiferroelectric phase transition temperature. The dielectric response of PLZT 100x/90/10 is mainly governed by a gigahertz relaxation and a soft phonon component in the THz range. As in other PbO-based perovskites, the soft mode is split into a higher-frequency component (omega similar to 80 cm(-1)) and a highly damped check details THz component (omega similar to 30 cm(-1)), with larger dielectric strength already in the paraelectric phase. (C) 2010 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3501105]“
“High-resolution synchrotron x-ray diffraction and field emission-scanning electron microscopy were used to investigate domain structures of the unpoled (001)-oriented 89.5% Pb (Zn1/3Nb2/3)O-3- 10.5%PbTiO3 (PZN-10.5% PT) single crystal. The results revealed the coexistence of 180 and

90 degrees tetragonal nanotwin domains at room temperature. Upon zero-field heating, the PZN-10.5% PT undergoes a tetragonal-to-cubic buy SRT1720 transformation near 185 degrees C. Tetragonal PZN-10.5% PT crystal has better thermal stability notably in the temperature range of 80-150 degrees C. This makes the tetragonal PZN-PT potential

candidates for high temperature piezoelectric devices. (C) 2010 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3505638]“
“Objective:

The reduced intensity conditioning (RIC) stem cell transplantation is widely employed for the treatment of many hematologic malignancies, but the survival effectiveness is still unclear. This study conducted an updated meta-analysis to determine whether any significant difference could be found by using RIC vs. myeloablative conditioning (MAC) regimen RepSox manufacturer for transplantation in patients with malignancies.

Methods:

We electronically searched the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), MEDLINE, Embase, and relevant articles (1987.01-2009.12). Comparative studies were carried out on clinical therapeutic effect of RIC and MAC on the survival outcomes and the transplantation-related complications.

Results:

We obtained 1776 records, and 29 studies totaling 6235 patients have been assessed. Compared with MAC regimen, the RIC regimen had a higher overall survival (OS) at one-yr and no difference at two-yr later after transplantation. RIC regimen had significantly lower rates of disease-free survival (DFS) after two-yr follow-up, lower incidences of >= II degree acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD), and lower TRM [OR, 0.61, 95% CI (0.53, 0.69)], but with a higher relapse rate [OR, 1.88(1.41, 2.51)].

It is also a potential vision-threatening complication of pathologic myopia, uveitis, traumatic choroidal rupture and, rarely, endophthalmitis. Here, we report a 36-year-old woman with acute lymphocytic leukemia and fungal pneumonia after chemotherapy who developed endogenous endophthalmitis in both eyes. The infection

was controlled by systemic antibiotic and antifungal agents. Unfortunately, learn more choroidal neovascularization developed in the right macula I month later. One dose of intravitreal injection of ranibizumab (0.5 mg/0.05 mL) was given, and the macular exudates resolved rapidly. There was no recurrence or complications during the 10-month follow-up.”
“Organic valve disease has been considered an absolute contraindication for acceptance as a donor heart. However, the severe shortage of donor hearts see more has prompted the use of marginally acceptable hearts to maximize the use of donor hearts: This report concerns a patient with repeated left ventricular assist system complications who underwent successful heart transplantation with a marginal donor heart requiring concomitant aortic valve replacement for mild aortic stenosis due to a calcified congenitally bicuspid valve. J Heart Lung Transplant 2009;28:981-3. Copyright (C) 2009 by the International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation.”
“The associations between herd bovine herpesvirus 1 (BHV-1) seroprevalence,

along with other infectious and farm management factors with bovine respiratory disease (BRD) in dairy calves and heifers, were investigated. Serum samples from 103 dairy cattle

herds were analyzed for antibodies against BHV-1, bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV), bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV), and Mycoplasma bovis (M. bovis). A questionnaire was used to record herd management practices.

A high occurrence of respiratory disease in unweaned calves was associated with low to moderate and high prevalence of BHV-1 among cows (OR = 14.8, p = 0.005 and OR = 19.2, p = 0.002, respectively) and positive BVDV status of a herd (OR = 5.1, p = 0.02). The presence of BVDV in a herd was related to a high incidence of respiratory disease in heifers 3-16 months old (OR = 4.3, p = 0.027). Based on the results of multiple correspondence analysis, holding youngstock separately from cows until pregnancy, introducing LOXO-101 in vitro new animals and the activities of on-farm employees may contribute to a higher incidence of BRD. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.”
“Fulminant myocarditis with rapid onset of symptoms and hemodynamic compromise is a rare indication for mechanical support. Because of the potentially reversible nature of this illness, advanced mechanical circulatory support is warranted to achieve recovery or as a bridge to transplantation. Circulatory device options currently available allow for a phased implementation of support modalities in a manner that reduces costs and patient risk.

66 +/- 7.85, 84.52 +/- 8.17, 99.57 +/- 10.48, 87.25 +/- 12.57, and 93.48 +/- 7.09 mu mol/L for the control, uncomplicated malaria, anemia, cerebral malaria patients and those with the combined symptoms of cerebral malaria

and anemia, respectively; P = 0.643).

Conclusions: In this setting, lactate and NO were indicators of poor prognosis. Though the impact of creatinine, urea, and bilirubin were not found to be significant, they can still be useful to assess improvement in severe malaria cases.”
“Study Design. Systematic review.

Objective. To define the optimal time for initiation of rehabilitation Raf phosphorylation and review the most clinically relevant outcome measures of upper and lower limb motor function of the rehabilitating spinal cord injured

patient, using a systematic review and expert opinion.

Summary of Background Data. Comprehensive rehabilitation programs are required for patients after spinal cord injury (SCI) as early as feasible. In a dedicated SCI rehabilitation setting, effective treatment and proper monitoring of spontaneous and rehabilitation-based motor function improvements by means of appropriate, valid, reliable and internationally accepted clinical assessment tools is warranted.

Methods. Focused questions on key topics in rehabilitation of the spinal cord injured patient were defined by a panel of spine trauma surgeons. A keyword literature search for pertinent articles was conducted using multiple databases. Suitable articles were screened and the quality of evidence was graded and tabulated. selleck chemicals llc Based on the evidence and expert opinion, recommendations were composed and rated as strong or weak.

Results. The outcome measures literature search yielded a total of 1251 abstracts. Out of these 86 articles

were studied in detail. One high quality study was found with 3 articles referring to it. Furthermore, there were 19 moderate quality studies, 39 low quality studies, and 25 very low quality studies. The timing literature search yielded 508 abstracts of which 3 articles selleck compound focused on the question and were all graded as low quality.

Conclusion. For general motor function, assessing the American Spinal Injury Association motor score and the Spinal Cord Independence Measure III is strongly recommended. The American Spinal Injury Association motor score is also useful in assessing upper- and lower-extremity motor function. For ambulatory function, a timed walk test like the 10 m Walk test in combination with the Walking Index for SCI II is strongly recommended. Early rehabilitation, defined as within 30 days of injury, improves outcome and recovery for spinal cord trauma patients.”
“The effects of aluminium (Al) on the metabolism of organic acids synthesised via nonphotosynthetic carbon fixation in the roots and on malate exudation were investigated in Al-tolerant Shirosanjyaku (SH) and Al-sensitive Chikushikomugi (CK) wheat cultivars labelled with bicarbonate-(14)C.

With further increase in pressure, both T-MI(1) and T-MI(2) shift to higher temperatures continuously, however, displaying a suppression in the amplitude of the peaks on the resistivity curves. We could not observe any transition corresponding to T-MI(2) in the temperature dependence of magnetization measurement under pressures up to 10 Bars. However, pressure reduces the magnetic moments

at low temperatures and shifts the T-C to higher temperatures at the same rate observed for T-MI(1). A large negative tunneling magnetoresistance was observed around T-C due to the applied magnetic field up to the maximum available value of 5 T, and the pressure reduces the magnetoresistance 17-AAG nmr ratio significantly. This result is due to the canted ferromagnetic order that was established by increasing pressure, which leads to an electron localized ferromagnetic insulating phase. (C) 2009 American Institute of Physics. [doi: 10.1063/1.3256182]“
“Aim:

The

aim of the present study was to describe women’s preferences for the quantification of the risk of a serious complication after regional nodal radiotherapy for breast cancer and women’s interpretation of a range of descriptive terms.

Methods:

A cross-sectional survey was conducted to elicit risk expression preferences and interpretation of words commonly used to describe the risk or frequency of a complication. Two hundred and sixty-two women who Cell Cycle inhibitor had experienced breast-only radiotherapy for early breast cancer at a Sydney teaching hospital were recruited for the survey.

Results:

The most preferred single method of expression of a risk is descriptive words, for example “”uncommon”" (52%), followed by percentages (27%) and numbers, for example 1 in 100 (21%). Lower education levels, more advanced cancer stage and older age increase the preference for descriptive words. When considering a serious complication of treatment, Ipatasertib such

as loss of the function of an arm, the modal interpretation of the descriptors “”sometimes”" was 1/100 (36% of women), “”uncommon”" was 1/1000 (35%), “”very uncommon”" was 1/10 000 (40%), “”rare”" was 1/10 000 (58%) and “”very rare”" was 1/10 000 (51%). However, the range of interpretations and the consistent assignment of extremely low frequencies of risk generally render descriptive words without numerical quantification inadequate for informed consent.

Conclusion:

Although risks of side-effects are often described in words such as common, uncommon and rare, qualification should be provided with numerical values to ensure better understanding of risk.”
“This paper presents a procedure to evaluate the charge density in the low Conductivity regions between the metal and the accumulated intrinsic channel of an organic thin film transistor (OTFT).

However, the incidents of uterine hyperstimulation and tachysystole were significantly higher under the misoprostol protocol than dinoprostone protocol. Furthermore, we found similar efficiency in the rate of cesarean delivery,

NICU admission and Apgar score at 1 and 5min among the study groups.

ConclusionIntravaginal misoprostol appears to be more efficient for labor induction than intracervical dinoprostone; however, dinoprostone has been demonstrated to be safer because of the lower incidence of uterine hyperstimulation and tachysystole. Further high-quality studies assessing the possible effectiveness of misoprostol and dinoprostone in selected groups of patients are warranted.”
“Purpose: The purpose of see more this study was to assess the role of proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H MRS) in the detection of changes in cerebral metabolite levels in autistic children.

Material and methods: Study group MG-132 consisted of 12 children, aged 8-15 years, who were under the care of Pediatric Neurology Department and Pediatric Rehabilitation Department of Medical University of Bialystok. The diagnosis of autism was established by neurologist, psychiatrist and psychologist in every case. All patients matched the clinical criteria of the disease according to International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems

(ICD-10). The control group included BTSA1 in vivo 16 healthy children aged 7-17. H-1 MRS was performed with a single-voxel method (TE-36, TR-1500, NEX-192). The volume of interest (VOI) was located in the frontal lobe regions, separately on each side.

Results: We showed lower N-acetylaspartate/creatine (NAA/Cr), gamma-aminobutyric acid/creatine (GABA/Cr) and glutamate/creatine (Glx/Cr) in the frontal lobes in the study group comparing with healthy controls. The ratio of myoinositol/creatine (mI/Cr) was increased in autistic children. No differences in choline/creatine (Cho/Cr)

ratio in study group and controls were found. There was a correlation between age and NAA/Cr in autistic children (R=0.593 p=0.041). No significant differences in metabolite ratios between right and left hemisphere in ASD and controls were found.

Conclusions: H-1 MRS can provide important information regarding abnormal brain metabolism. Differences in NAA/Cr, GABA/Cr, Glx/Cr and mI/Cr may contribute to the pathogenesis of autism.”
“Background Approximately 2,500 people die from stroke each year yet there is a lack of Irish services provision.

Aims The aims of this study were to investigate the incidence of acute stroke emergency admissions in a large teaching hospital and present an analysis of this cohort.

Methods All patients presenting acutely to the Emergency Department in 2005 meeting the WHO definition of stroke were included in our study. A chart review of the identified patients was conducted to obtain the necessary information.

76 vs. 0.78) and accounted for 9% of selleck products the variation in DMI not explained by MBW and ADG (RFIp). Residual feed intake and carcass-adjusted residual feed intake (RFIc) were moderately correlated with DMI (0.60 and 0.55, respectively) and feed conversion ratio (FCR; 0.49 and 0.45, respectively), and strongly correlated with partial efficiency of growth (PEG; -0.84 and -0.78, respectively), but not with ADG or MBW. Gain in BF was weakly correlated with RFIp (0.30), FCR (-0.15), and PEG (-0.11),

but not with RFIc. Gain in LMA was weakly correlated with RFIp (0.17) and FCR (-0.19), but not with PEG or RFIc. The Spearman rank correlation between RFIp and RFIc was high (0.91). Meal duration (0.41), head-down duration AZD1208 mw (0.38), and meal frequency (0.26) were correlated with RFIp and accounted for 35% of the variation in DMI not explained by MBW, ADG, and ultrasound traits (RFIc). These results suggest that adjusting residual feed intake for carcass composition will facilitate selection to reduce feed intake in cattle without affecting rate or composition of gain.”
“Background: The unidirectional pulmonary vein (PV) to left atrium (LA) conduction after achieving PV entrance block has not been evaluated. Methods: Circumferential

PV isolation was performed in 573 consecutive patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). The unidirectional PV to LA conduction and its influence on clinical outcomes were evaluated. Results: A total of 341 ipsilateral PVs (29.7%) with spontaneous activities (SAs) were documented in 231 patients (40.3%). The unidirectional PV to LA conduction was confirmed in 11 ipsilateral PVs (3.2%) of 11 patients (4.8%). Patients were classified to three groups: Group A (had unidirectional PV to LA conduction during SAs), Group B (with SAs but without PV to LA conduction), and Group C (without SAs). During a 30-minute observation, the reconnection incidence was higher in Group A (45.4%) than in Group B (13.9%, P = 0.042) and eFT-508 cell line Group C (11.5%, P = 0.018). The reconnection time was shorter in Group A (10.8 +/- 9.8 minutes) than that in Group B (20.7 +/- 8.0 minutes, P = 0.037) and Group C (21.2 +/- 8.2 minutes, P = 0.022). All 11 PVs were successfully isolated and

bidirectional block was achieved. Conclusion: Unidirectional entrance block with SAs in PVs may not be a good indication of complete PV isolation. Bidirectional block of the PV-LA junction can reduce the acute PV reconnection and may reduce the chronic AF recurrence in patients undergoing circumferential PV isolation.(PACE 2012; 18)”
“High-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) has recently been promoted as a non-invasive treatment option for prostate cancer. This systematic review sought to evaluate the evidence comparing it with standard treatment in patients with localised prostate cancer. The literature review included searches of MEDLINE, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library, annual meetings’ abstracts and websites of evidence-based practice guideline producers.

1%). While FAG disclosed the deposits in 4 out of 9 group A patients (44.4%), drusen-like deposits were otherwise found in all group A patients (100%) by ICG-A. FAG and ICG-A did not show choroidal alterations in group B patients.

Conclusions: ICG-A can provide information that is not detectable Selumetinib by clinical or FAG examination in patients with lupus nephritis (group A). The findings of choroidopathy by ICG-A represent an indicator of ocular involvement and could be an indirect sign of renal involvement. Given

that histological lesions may be present where there are no anomalies in urinary sediment and/or proteinuria, the positivity of ICG-A could help in deciding whether or not to carry out a renal biopsy. Therefore, ICG-A could be useful in the SYN-117 clinical trial screening of patients with SLE, especially where there are no evident signs of renal involvement.”
“Two guidelines are currently available to guide Japanese clinicians caring for patients with ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP): the 2005 American Thoracic Society/Infectious Diseases Society of America (ATS/IDSA) guidelines or the 2008 Japanese Respiratory Society (JRS) guidelines. We aimed

to measure compliance with guideline recommendations for VAP in Japanese intensive care units (ICUs) and to assess the effects of guideline-compliant treatment on outcomes. We retrospectively reviewed the records of all patients with microbiologically confirmed VAP in five Japanese ICUs between January 1, 2006, and December AICAR manufacturer 31, 2009. We evaluated whether empiric antibiotic prescriptions were guideline compliant and correlated compliance with clinical outcomes. Among the 95 patients with VAP who were included, 85 patients received empiric antibiotics. Of these, therapy of 62 patients (73 %) was appropriate based on in vitro sensitivity testing. Using ATS/IDSA criteria, 16 patients (19 %) received guideline-compliant therapy and 69 patients (81 %) received noncompliant treatment. Using JRS criteria, 24 patients (28 %) received guideline-compliant therapy

and 61 patients (72 %) received noncompliant treatment. All-cause 28-day mortality was 24 %. When compared to patients who received noncompliant therapy, there were no differences in 28-day mortality rates for patients who received ATS/IDSA guideline-compliant regimens (25 vs. 25 %, p = 1.00) or JRS guideline-compliant regimens (21 vs. 26 %, p = 0.78). Our study demonstrates poor compliance with guideline-recommended antibiotic therapy for VAP in Japanese ICUs. Compliance with current VAP guidelines was not associated with increased rates of appropriate antibiotic treatment or improved 28-day mortality.”
“The objective of the present investigation was to study the effect of polyethylene glycol 4000 ( PEG 4000) on in vitro dissolution of gliclazide from solid dispersions. Initial studies were carried out using physical mixtures of the drug and carrier.

Although various techniques can be used safely to avoid hyperinflation of the cuff, they provide only an instantaneous measure of the CP. The current technique allows for continuous monitoring of CP during prolonged cases or in other

clinical scenarios when such monitoring is required. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.”
“Randomized multicenter studies in diabetic and nondiabetic patients with chronic proteinuric nephropathies have clearly demonstrated that renin-angiotensin system (RAS) inhibitors, such as angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors and angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs) used alone or in combination, effectively retard renal disease progression. Proteinuria reduction, in addition to arterial blood pressure control, largely mediates the nephroprotective effect of RAS inhibitor therapy. Despite RAS inhibition, however, most patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) progress to end-stage renal disease (ESRD). This PCI-34051 highlights the importance of innovative therapies to halt or revert CKD progression in those at risk. Along this line, a multimodal strategy (Remission Clinic) targeting urinary proteins by dual RAS inhibition with ACE inhibitors and ARBs up-titrated

to maximum tolerated doses, by intensified blood pressure control, amelioration of dyslipidemia by statins, smoking cessation and healthy lifestyle implementation was safely and effectively applied at our outpatient clinic to normalize urinary proteins and prevent renal function loss in patients otherwise predicted to rapidly progress to ESRD because of nephrotic-range proteinuria this website refractory to standard Entrectinib order antihypertensive dosages of an ACE inhibitor. This approach achieved remission or regression of proteinuria and stabilized kidney function in most cases, and almost fully prevented progression to ESRD. Provided patients are closely monitored and treatment is cautiously up-titrated according to tolerability, this approach might be safely applied in day-by-day hospital practice.

Effective prevention of ESRD would reduce costs of renal replacement therapy by dialysis or transplantation and would be life-saving where these are not available for all patients in need.”
“This review focuses on the physiologic and clinical consequences of rapid solute transport in the peritoneum. The concept, the current understanding of related factors, and the possible causes implicated in rapid solute transport are discussed first. Then, the consequences, with particular emphasis on mortality, are highlighted. Finally, based on recent advances and clinical studies, some strategies for the treatment of fast peritoneal transport are reviewed.”
“Objective: Is to evaluate the efficacy of tranexamic acid when applied locally in children after primary isolated adenoidectomy with respect to intra-operative blood loss and post-operative bleeding.

Study design: Prospective, double-blind, randomized, controlled trial.