It was found that the DTCS can achieve a maximum adsorption capacity at pH value of 5.0. In such solution, the adsorption kinetics showed two stages, which involved in different molecular mechanisms. The first was a fast stage. NU7441 inhibitor It lasted for about 60 min. In the stage, over 80% of maximum adsorption occurred and a Cr(VI)-DTC ester formed. The ester was stable in the first hour, and then the Cr(VI) reduction took place in the second stage. The reduction of Cr(VI) was coupled with the oxidation of DTC, producing elemental sulfur and sulfonate. The formed Cr(III) still fixed in the oxidized DTCS without lost of adsorption capacity. (C) 2011 Wiley Periodicals,

Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012″
“We studied the influence of deep levels in GaN buffer and AlGaN barrier layer on capacitance-voltage characteristics of the AlGaN/GaN structure. Deep level states were assumed to be both donor and acceptor type and were modeled with discrete peak distribution in energy with certain energy distance from the conduction-band minimum for acceptor-type states or valence-band maximum for donor states. For all the cases studied, the presence of the deep

levels in the structure influenced mainly the capacitance plateau of the curves and caused the appearance of the capacitance valley. In addition, the deep levels in AlGaN shifted the capacitance curves to more negative voltages, and the deep levels in GaN changed the slope of capacitance decrease after two-dimensional electron-gas depletion. (C) 2011 American Institute small molecule library screening of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3643000]“
“Purpose: Infections are one of the most commonly found conditions in oral and maxillofacial surgery practice. They always represent a risk to patients regardless of whether they are AG-881 of odontogenic origin or not, and if not treated at an early stage they may rapidly evolve and spread to adjacent anatomical structures, leading to serious complications and, occasionally, to death. For this reason, the objective of this study was to retrospectively

analyze data from patients with infections attended by the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery of the Piracicaba Dental School at the State University of Campinas-Unicamp.

Patients and Methods: in accordance with date and inclusion criteria, sampling comprised 210 patient reports from January 1999 to March 2007. Patients’ demographic data reviewed were gender, age, signs and symptoms, facial spaces affected, and therapy adopted.

Results: The mean age of patients was 30 years old (SD = 16.6), and the main origin of infections was odontogenic (79.31%); principal signs and symptoms were trismus (43.33%), fever (28.10%), and dysphagia (25.24%). The main facial spaces affected were the buccal mandibular space (50.00%), submandibular space (31.90%), and buccal maxillary space (19.05%). Surgical drainage was carried out in 46.67% of cases, and 10.

VI.MAX) study in MetS cases and matched controls (n = 1754).

Results: Two single nucleotide polymorphisms were associated with MetS. rs11569562 GG homozygotes had decreased MetS risk compared with minor A allele carriers [odds ratio (OR): 0.53; 95% CI: 0.35, 0.82; P = 0.009], which was augmented by Savolitinib mouse high plasma PUFA status (OR: 0.32; 95% CI: 0.11, 0.93; P = 0.04). GG homozygotes had lower C3 concentrations than those in AA homozygotes (P = 0.03) and decreased risk of hypertriglyceridemia compared with A allele carriers (OR: 0.54; 95% CI: 0.34, 0.92; P = 0.02), which was further ameliorated by an increase in long-chain n-3 (omega-3) PUFAs (OR:

0.46; 95% CI: 0.22, 0.97; P = 0.04) or a decrease in n-6 PUFAs (OR: 0.32; CI: 0.16, 0.62; P = 0.002). rs2250656 AA homozygotes had increased MetS risk relative to minor G allele carriers (OR: 1.78; CI: 1.19, 2.70; P = 0.02), which was exacerbated by low n-6 PUFA status (OR: 2.20; CI: 1.09, 4.55; P = 0.03).

Conclusion: Plasma PUFAs may modulate the susceptibility to MetS that is conferred by C3 polymorphisms, which suggests novel gene-nutrient interactions. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00272428. Am J Clin Nutr 2009;90:1665-73.”
“Cassava can be cultivated on impoverished soils with minimum inputs, and its storage roots are a staple food for millions in Africa. However, these roots are low in bioavailable nutrients and in

protein content, contain cyanogenic glycosides, and suffer from a very short post-harvest shelf-life, and the plant www.selleckchem.com/products/fosbretabulin-disodium-combretastatin-a-4-phosphate-disodium-ca4p-disodium.html is susceptible to viral and bacterial diseases prevalent in Africa. Caspase inhibitor review The demand for improvement of cassava with respect to these traits comes from both

farmers and national agricultural institutions. Genetic improvement of cassava cultivars by molecular biology techniques requires the availability of appropriate genes, a system to introduce these genes into cassava, and the use of suitable gene promoters. Cassava root-specific promoter for auxin-repressed protein was isolated using the gene walking approach, starting with a cDNA sequence. In silico analysis of promoter sequences revealed putative cis-acting regulatory elements, including root-specific elements, which may be required for gene expression in vascular tissues. Research on the activities of this promoter is continuing, with the development of plant expression cassettes for transformation into major African elite lines and farmers’ preferred cassava cultivars to enable testing of tissue-specific expression patterns in the field.”
“Objectives: We aimed to investigate trends in the prevalence of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) among Chinese people from first report to 2006, and to detect the high prevalence regions in order to guide control efforts.

Materials and methods: The CBM, VIP, CNKI, and MEDLINE databases were searched through both keywords and subject headings.

The tensile strength and elongation at break of the LDPE/LDH nanocomposites decreased to some extent because of the decrease this website in the crystallinity of the

LDPE matrix. A transmittance test showed that the transparency of the exfoliated LDPE/SA-modified LDH nanocomposite was very close to that of neat LDPE. (C) 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 123: 316-323, 2012″
“Laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) of high-purity fused silica irradiated by ArF excimer laser is studied experimentally. LIF bands of the fused silica centered at 281 nm, 478 nm, and 650 nm are observed simultaneously. Furthermore, the angular distribution of the three fluorescence peaks is examined. Microscopic image of the laser modified fused silica indicates that scattering of the generated fluorescence by laser-induced damage sites is the main reason for the angular distribution of LIF signals.

Finally, the dependence of LIF signals intensities of the fused silica on laser power densities is presented. LIF signals show a squared power selleck chemical density dependence, which indicates that laser-induced defects are formed mainly via two-photon absorption processes. (C) 2011 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3608163]“
“Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a disease characterized by symmetrical polyarthritis of the large and small joints, and in the majority of patients, there is a presence of the rheumatoid factor and erosions in the X-ray of the joints. More recently, the presence of anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibodies (anti-CCP) in this disease has been described, with diagnostic and prognostic value. Nevertheless, these antibodies have also been described in infectious diseases. The aim of

the present study was to make a systematic review Fludarabine mouse of the presence of antibodies against citrullinated peptides in infectious diseases. Search was conducted in the MEDLINE (1966 to 2010), Cochrane, SCielo, and LILACS databases, using the terms: “”anti-CCP, anti-MCV, and infectious diseases”"; “”anti-CCP, anti-MCV, and virus”"; “”anti-CCP, anti-MCV, and mycobacteria”"; “”anti-CCP, anti-MCV, and tuberculosis”"; “”anti-CCP, anti-MCV, and leprosy”"; “”anti-CCP, anti-MCV, and leishmaniasis”"; “”anti-CCP, anti-MCV, and HIV”"; “”anti-CCP and HTLV”"; “”anti-CCP, anti-MCV, and Chagas disease”"; “”anti-CCP, anti-MCV, and Lyme disease”", and the corresponding terms in Portuguese. Twenty-five publications were found, which dealt with anti-CCP and infection, and only one on anti-MCV and infection. Of these, 23 were cross-sectional and three cohort studies. Anti-CCP antibodies were found in various frequencies, reaching 37% in tuberculosis. In the other infections, it was a rare finding. In only one publication, anti-MCV was found in only one patient with hepatitis.

The experimental results showed that the liquefaction of softwood occurs within a shorter time than that of hardwood and the biopolyurethane prepared from softwood was harder than that prepared from hardwood, which suggests that the properties of the liquefaction product and biopolyurethane are influenced by the chemical structure of the lignin. (C) 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 118: 2109-2115, 2010″
“Mast cells (MC) have been shown to mediate regulatory T-cell (T<SUreg</SU)-dependent, peripheral allograft tolerance in both skin and cardiac transplants. Furthermore, T<SUreg</SU

have been implicated in mitigating IgE-mediated MC degranulation, establishing a dynamic, reciprocal relationship between MC and T<SUreg</SU in controlling inflammation. In an allograft tolerance model, it is now shown that intragraft or systemic MC degranulation results in the transient find more loss of T<SUreg</SU suppressor activities

with the acute, T-cell dependent rejection of established, tolerant allografts. Upon degranulation, MC mediators can be found in the skin, T<SUreg</SU rapidly leave the graft, MC accumulate in the regional lymph node and the T<SUreg</SU are impaired in the expression of suppressor molecules. Such a dramatic reversal of selleckchem T<SUreg</SU function and tissue distribution by MC degranulation underscores how allergy may causes the transient breakdown of peripheral tolerance and episodes of acute T-cell inflammation.”
“Study Design. Retrospective review.

Objective. To describe an accurate method of intraoperative localization of thoracic spine levels with percutaneously placed radiopaque markers at the pedicle of the level

PF-00299804 ic50 of interest.

Summary of Background Data. Intraoperative localization of thoracic spine levels can be difficult in cases without obvious vertebral body deformation (compression fracture, tumor), such as thoracic discectomy, as well as in surgery of the midthoracic spine and in the morbidly obese. Intraoperative fluoroscopy or plain radiographs are useful but can often be difficult to interpret in these cases.

Methods. Fourteen patients requiring anterior thoracic spine surgery for thoracic disc herniations underwent preoperative localization and placement of radiopaque marker. Using standard percutaneous techniques, the radiopaque markers were placed using biplanar fluoroscopy at the pedicle at the level of interest. Eight patients subsequently underwent thoracoscopic discectomy and fusion, and 6 patients underwent mini-open thoracotomy for discectomy and fusion.

Results. Placement of radiopaque markers was successfully completed without complications in all 14 patients. Intraoperatively, the markers were easy to identify and assisted in identification of the correct surgical level in all cases.

Conclusion.

“
“The impurity binding TPCA-1 energy in a polar rectangular quantum wire under an applied electric field is studied by a variational approach. The electron- and ion-longitudinal-optical (LO) phonon interactions are both taken into account in the calculations. The numerical results for the GaAs rectangular quantum

wires show that the binding energies and Stark energy-shift are both sensitive to the size, shape of the wire section, and the position of the impurity. The binding energy increases with decreasing the section area. The LO phonon effect lowers the binding energy of the on-center impurity but raises that of the impurity near the wire surface, and gives a qualitatively similar contribution to the Stark effect. (C) 2011 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3642973]“
“SHP-2 (encoded by PTPN11) is a ubiquitously expressed protein tyrosine phosphatase required for signal transduction by multiple different cell surface

receptors. Humans with germline SHP-2 mutations develop Noonan syndrome or LEOPARD syndrome, which are characterized by cardiovascular, neurological and skeletal abnormalities. To study how SHP-2 regulates SBE-β-CD tissue homeostasis in normal adults, we used a conditional SHP-2 mouse mutant in which loss of expression of SHP-2 was induced in multiple tissues in response to drug administration. Induced deletion of SHP-2 resulted in impaired hematopoiesis, weight loss and lethality. Most strikingly, induced SHP-2-deficient mice developed severe skeletal Nocodazole inhibitor abnormalities, including kyphoses and scolioses of the spine. Skeletal malformations were associated with alterations in cartilage and a marked increase in trabecular bone mass. Osteoclasts were essentially absent from the bones of SHP-2-deficient mice, thus accounting for the osteopetrotic phenotype. Studies in vitro revealed that osteoclastogenesis that was stimulated by macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) and receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa B ligand (RANKL) was defective in SHP-2-deficient mice. At least in part, this was explained

by a requirement for SHP-2 in M-CSF-induced activation of the pro-survival protein kinase AKT in hematopoietic precursor cells. These findings illustrate an essential role for SHP-2 in skeletal growth and remodeling in adults, and reveal some of the cellular and molecular mechanisms involved. The model is predicted to be of further use in understanding how SHP-2 regulates skeletal morphogenesis, which could lead to the development of novel therapies for the treatment of skeletal malformations in human patients with SHP-2 mutations.”
“Epilepsy in adenylosuccinate lyase deficiency may be difficult to treat, and there is no standardized therapy. The authors describe a case of severe adenylosuccinate lyase deficiency resulting from a heterozygous mutation of the ADSL gene (p.D215H/p.I351T).

The detailed behavior at the transition zone depends on whether or not surfactants (polyvinylpyrrolidon,

PVP) are added to the electrolytes. In a system without surfactants, coalescence is observed between the droplets collected at the ITP transition zone. After having achieved a certain size, the droplets merge with the channel walls, leaving an oil film behind. In systems with PVP, coalescence is largely suppressed and no merging of droplets with the channel walls is observed. Instead, at the ITP transition zone, a droplet agglomerate of increasing www.selleckchem.com/products/hmpl-504-azd6094-volitinib.html size is formed. In the initial stages of the ITP experiments, two counter rotating vortices are formed inside the terminating electrolyte. The vortex

formation is qualitatively explained based on a hydrodynamic instability triggered by fluctuations of the number density of oil droplets. (C) 2013 AIP Publishing LLC.”
“Background: The purpose of this study was to describe a one-stage operation for posterior cruciate ligament reconstruction with use of an Achilles tendon-bone https://www.selleckchem.com/products/ABT-263.html allograft and a posterolateral corner reconstruction with use of two different methods, with a comparison of clinical outcomes in the two groups.

Methods: Our study included forty-six patients who had undergone posterior cruciate ligament reconstruction with use of an Achilles tendon-bone allograft and posterolateral corner reconstruction with

either anatomical reconstruction of the lateral collateral ligament and popliteus tendon with use of a tibialis posterior tendon allograft (twenty-one patients; Group A) or the modified biceps rerouting tenodesis (twenty-five patients; Selleck BIX-01294 Group B) in an alternating fashion. Patients were assessed for knee instability with use of the dial test at 30 degrees and 90 degrees, together with varus and posterior stress radiography.

Results: At the two-year follow-up evaluation, although no significant difference was found on posterior stress radiography (mean and standard error, 5.7 +/- 0.4 mm for Group A compared with 4.8 +/- 0.4 mm for Group B), Group A showed more improvement than Group B on the dial test (16 degrees +/- 1 degrees vs. 13 degrees +/- 1 degrees at 30 degrees and 17 degrees +/- 1 degrees vs. 14 degrees +/- 1 degrees at 90 degrees; p = 0.001 for both) and varus stress radiography (3.6 +/- 0.3 mm vs. 2.6 +/- 0.3 mm; p = 0.024), in the Lysholm (29.5 +/- 2.4 vs. 22.3 +/- 2.3; p = 0.037) and the International Knee Documentation Committee knee scores (p = 0.041), and less terminal flexion loss (4.0 degrees +/- 1.2 degrees vs. 8.8 degrees +/- 1.3 degrees; p = 0.013).

Age, gender, and education levels were balanced between the groups.

Results: Using the ECQ, we could identify and distinguish different everyday competence levels between the groups

tested: Subjects characterized by an active lifestyle outperformed all other groups. Subjects characterized by a general lifestyle showed higher everyday competence than those with a sedentary lifestyle or subjects who needed care. Furthermore, the ECQ data showed a significant positive correlation between individual physical activity and everyday competence.

Conclusion: The ECQ is a novel tool for the questionnaire-based evaluation of everyday competence among healthy subjects. By including leisure activities, it considers the changed living conditions of modern-day older adults.”
“Methods: AF activation rates were Selleckchem Autophagy inhibitor calculated using domain frequency (DF) (via fast Fourier transform) and time complex (TC) (via beat-to-beat activation measurements) analyses. We compared: (1) AF frequencies derived from each method; (2) successively longer subinterval durations to their 16-second reference intervals, and (3) the correlation between consecutively collected 8-second segments and segments

collected 10 minutes apart.

Results: There was low intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC = 0.234) when comparing AF activation rates derived using DF versus TC analysis. There was no difference in the frequencies between any selleck chemicals llc of the subintervals compared to their 16-second reference intervals, but variability of measurements was higher for intervals < 8 seconds

(P < 0.01). Correlations between successive segments and segments taken 10 minutes apart were 0.92 and 0.75 using DF analysis (P < 0.001), and 0.72 and 0.49 using TC analysis (P < 0.001).

Conclusions: There is low correlation between the DF and TC methods of analyzing AF activation rates. While AF rates do not differ between subintervals and 16-second reference electrograms, the variability of measurements is dependent upon the subinterval duration, and increases for durations less than 8 seconds. AF rates were prone to change over a 10-minute time period. These AZD1208 inhibitor results point out existing clinical limitations of measuring atrial activation rates in AF patients. (PACE 2011; 34:540-548).”
“The rare case of a patient with SIADH following pituitary adenoma apoplexy is reported. Since apoplexy did not exert any mass effect on surrounding structures, the patient was treated conservatively and the anterior pituitary gland insufficiency has been substituted adequately. Seven days after the apoplexy the patient again showed low serum-Na(+) levels despite cortisol substitution. Diagnosis of SIADH was made. It is essential to be aware of this rare syndrome in patients with pituitary adenoma apoplexy.

8 mm or greater) were considered. Nonsolid, part-solid, and pleural-based nodules were Navitoclax clinical trial excluded from this study. A descriptive analysis was performed by calculating means and standard deviations

of nodule volumes at three assessment times (at baseline and 3 and 12 months later). The volume measurement repeatability was determined by using the approach described by Bland and Altman.

Results: One hundred one subjects (70 men, 31 women; mean age, 58 years) with 233 eligible nodules (mean volume, 98.3 mm(3); range, 5-869 mm(3)) were identified. The 95% confidence interval for difference in measured volumes was in the range of +/- 27%. About 70% of measurements had a relative difference in nodule volume of less than 10%. No malignant lesions were registered during

the follow-up of these subjects.

Conclusion: Semiautomatic volumetry is sufficiently accurate and repeatable and may be useful in assisting with lung nodule management in a lung cancer screening program. (C) RSNA, 2009″
“Electroabsorption in highly strained GaInAs and GaInNAs quantum wells (QWs) grown on GaInAs or quasi-GaInAs substrates is investigated by using microscopic many-body Selleckchem AC220 theory. The effects of various parameters, such as strain, barrier height, substrate composition, and temperature are thoroughly examined. It is shown that the value of the absorption coefficient strongly depends on the depth of the QWs under large bias electric field due to the small overlap integral of wave functions

between the conduction and valence bands. The use of GaInNAs QWs makes the strain in the well layer very small. Further, the effective quantum-well depth is increased in GaInNAs QWs due to the anticrossing interaction between the conduction and N-resonant bands, making it possible to obtain larger absorption coefficient under large bias electric fields without using wide-band gap materials for barriers. (C) 2010 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3360937]“
“Purpose: To determine long-term patient satisfaction for percutaneous treatment by using sclerosing agents ERK inhibitor (sclerotherapy) and/or arterial embolization for peripherally located vascular malformations (VMs). This treatment has been described as successful; however, there is a relative paucity of published long-term results.

Materials and Methods: This retrospective study was institutional review board approved; 107 patients treated for symptomatic VM were evaluated. After informed consent was obtained, 66 patients were sent a questionnaire regarding treatment effectiveness and patient satisfaction. Patient files and imaging data were retrieved to obtain information regarding the VMs and VM treatment. Kaplan-Meier survival curves were constructed to analyze clinical success rates over time.

Results: The most frequent reasons for patients to seek treatment were pain (89%, n = 59) and swelling (91%, n = 60). The majority of VMs were the low-flow venous type (83%, n = 55).

The main transmission route was male homosexual contact (186 of 252; 74 %), followed by heterosexual contact. The HBV genotype Vorinostat molecular weight was determined in 77 patients. Among them, genotype A HBV was the most frequent (58 of 77; 75 %) and was detected almost exclusively in homosexual patients. Acute hepatitis B was documented in 21 patients (8 %). Three of the 252 HIV/HBV-coinfected patients developed advanced liver disease with the complication of ascites, hepatic encephalopathy, or hepatocellular carcinoma. A comparison between patients

not treated and those treated with antiretroviral drugs including anti-HBV drugs revealed that the baseline liver function was worse in treated patients. However, the serum albumin levels and platelet counts in both groups increased after treatment and were similar. Liver disease-associated death was not observed. Here, we characterize the clinical features of liver disease in HIV/HBV-coinfected patients in Japan for the first time. The findings GF120918 in vivo suggest that antiretroviral therapy with anti-HBV drugs may retard the progression of a liver

disease and prevent liver disease-associated death in such patients.”
“The clinical usefulness of presepsin for discriminating between bacterial and nonbacterial infections (including systemic inflammatory response syndrome) was studied and compared with procalcitonin (PCT) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in a multicenter prospective study. Suspected sepsis patients (n = 207) were enrolled into the study. Presepsin levels in patients with systemic bacterial infection and localized bacterial infection were significantly higher than in those with nonbacterial infections. In addition, presepsin, PCT, and IL-6 levels in patients with bacterial infectious disease were significantly higher than in those with nonbacterial infectious disease (P < 0.0001, P < 0.0001, and P < 0.0001, respectively). The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.908 for presepsin, 0.905 for PCT,

and 0.825 for IL-6 in patients MK-8931 concentration with bacterial infectious disease and those with nonbacterial infectious disease. The cutoff value of presepsin for discrimination of bacterial and nonbacterial infectious diseases was determined to be 600 pg/ml, of which the clinical sensitivity and specificity were 87.8 % and 81.4 %, respectively. Presepsin levels did not differ significantly between patients with gram-positive and gram-negative bacterial infections. The sensitivity of blood culture was 35.4 %; that for presepsin was 91.9 %. Also there were no significant differences in presepsin levels between the blood culture-positive and -negative groups. Consequently, presepsin is useful for the diagnosis of sepsis, and it is superior to conventional markers and blood culture.”
“The mortality of Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP) patients without human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection ranges from 0 to 70 %, whereas that of HIV-infected PCP patients ranges from 10 to 20 %.

A specific 3-Methyladenine supplier rehabilitation was provided.

At the first operation, we performed 14 subtotal and 5 partial resections. Eighteen patients returned to a normal socio-professional life. Nine patients received adjuvant treatment. At the second operation, we performed 1 total,

13 subtotal and 5 partial resections. Three patients with a preoperative neurological deficit improved, 13 remained unchanged, and 3 slight new deficits appeared. In 14 of the 17 patients with preoperative chronic epilepsy, the seizures were reduced or disappeared. Sixteen patients returned to a normal socio-professional life. Pathohistological examination showed that 11 tumours had progressed to high-grade glioma. The median time between the two operations was 4.1 years (range 1 to 7.8 years) and the median follow-up from initial diagnosis was 6.6 years (range 2.3 to 14.3 years). No deaths occurred during the follow-up period.

Repeat operations guided by intra-operative electrical stimulation is an efficacious treatment for recurrent grade II glioma in an eloquent area.”
“Background: Since the 2009 revised advisory

statement regarding Sprint Fidelis (R) Defibrillator Lead failure rates (Medtronic Inc., Minneapolis, SCH772984 clinical trial MN, USA), there has been a significant increase in revision of these leads. We sought to establish the frequency of major procedural complications and determine what patient characteristics were associated with these outcomes. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the charts of 621 patients with Fidelis (R) leads being followed Bcl-2 inhibitor in the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center through January 1, 2010. The population was then examined for rates of lead malfunction, revision, and complication. Results: The average time from implantation of Fidelis (R) lead to endpoint was 32 +/- 16 months. Overall lead survival rates

were 89% at 41 months and were lower in biventricular implantable cardioverter defibrillator (BiVICD) as compared to standard implantable cardioverter defibrillator patients (log rank P = 0.053). Prophylactic revisions increased dramatically during 2009 (9.4% vs 1.4%, P < 0.001). Among the 131 patients who underwent revision during the entire time of follow-up, 11 patients had postoperative complications (8.5%). The only significant variable found between patients who did and did not have complications was the presence of a BiVICD (81.8 vs 48.7%, P = 0.036). Of the 40 total patients who underwent lead extraction, all three complications occurred in patients with BiVICDs. Conclusion: The number of prophylactic Fidelis (R) lead revisions has increased dramatically since 2008, and procedure-related complications have been higher than anticipated. Major procedural complication rates are greater among patients with BiVICDs. Overall, lead extraction does not appear to increase procedural risk as compared to abandonment.