Our aim was to evaluate the predictive value of contrast-enhanced CMR in patients with PH.

Methods: RV size, ejection fraction (RVEF), and the presence of RVIP-LGE were determined in 58 patients with PH referred for CMR. All patients underwent click here right heart catheterization, exercise testing, and N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) evaluation; results of which were included in the final analysis if performed within 4 months of the CMR study. Patients were followed for the primary endpoint of time to clinical worsening (death, decompensated right ventricular heart failure, initiation of

prostacyclin, or lung transplantation).

Results: Overall, 40/58 (69%) of patients had RVIP-LGE. Patients with RVIP-LGE had larger right ventricular volume index, lower RVEF, and higher mean pulmonary artery pressure (mPAP), all p < 0.05. During the follow-up period of 10.2 +/- 6.3 months, 19 patients reached the primary

endpoint. In a univariate analysis, RVIP-LGE was a predictor for adverse outcomes (p = 0.026). In a multivariate analysis, CMR-derived RVEF was an independent predictor of clinical worsening selleck chemical (p = 0.036) along with well-established prognostic parameters such as exercise capacity (p = 0.010) and mPAP (p = 0.001).

Conclusions: The presence of RVIP-LGE in patients with PH is a marker for more advanced disease and poor prognosis. In addition, this study reveals for the first time that CMR-derived RVEF is an independent non-invasive imaging predictor of adverse outcomes NVP-LDE225 solubility dmso in this patient population.”
“Gelatin-/chitosan-/hyaluronan-based biomaterials are used in tissue engineering as cell scaffolds. Three gamma radiation doses (1, 10 and 25 kGy) were applied to scaffolds for

sterilization. Microstructural changes of the irradiated polymers were evaluated by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). A dose of 25 kGy produced a rough microstructure with a reduction of the porosity (from 99 to 96 %) and pore size (from 160 to 123 mu m). Radiation also modified the glass transition temperature between 31.2 and 42.1 A degrees C (1 and 25 kGy respectively). Human skin cells cultivated on scaffolds irradiated with 10 and 25 kGy proliferated at 48 h and secreted transforming growth factor beta 3 (TGF-beta 3). Doses of 0 kGy (non-irradiated) or 1 kGy did not stimulate TGF-beta 3 secretion or cell proliferation. The specific growth rate and lactate production increased proportionally to radiation dose. The use of an appropriate radiation dose improves the cell scaffold properties of biomaterials.”
“To investigate cell surface antigens on human embryonic stem cells (hESCs), we generated a panel of monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) against undifferentiated hESCs by a decoy immunization strategy. One of the MAbs, MAb 2-E2, specifically bound to human pluripotent stem cells but not to mouse pluripotent stem cells and mouse embryonic fibroblasts.

“
“This paper BTSA1 in vitro describes improved optimization method that combines the one-factor-at-a-time method (OFAT), Plackett-Burman design, and the response surface method (RSM), which were used to optimize the medium for

the production of fumigaclavine C (FC) and helvolic acid (HA) from endophytic Aspergillus fumigatus CY018 simultaneously. The ideal carbon and nitrogen sources for the two compounds were assessed initially via the one-factor-at-a-time method. Three key cultivation factors (pH, phosphate, and inoculum size) were chosen based on the results of Plackett-Burman design, and subsequently optimized by the central composite design. The two metabolites were amply afforded when the cultivation was carried out with the inoculum size of 2.45% at pH 4.2 and 28 degrees C for 19 days in the medium containing (g/l): mannitol 50, sodium succinate 5.4, NaNO3 2, MgSO4 center dot 7H(2)O 0.3, FeSO4 center dot 7H(2)O 0.01, and KH2PO4 0.67. The highest yields of FC

and HA achieved herein were 17.26 and 16.88 mg/l. This work might be the first endeavor leading to the improved simultaneous production of two complex active metabolites with a single strain.”
“We aimed to investigate the role of preoperative single dose of pregabalin for attenuating postoperative pain and analgesic consumption in patients undergoing septoplasty. One hundred forty-three patients with ASA physical status I who underwent elective septoplasty were included in Sotrastaurin this prospective, randomized, and controlled study. Subjects were randomized to receive pregabalin 75 mg, pregabalin 150 mg, and control group. All the medications were administered orally 1 hour before surgery. A standard P5091 septoplasty technique was used for all patients. Postoperative pain intensity was evaluated by a 0- to 100-mm horizontal visual analog scale (VAS) (0, no pain; 100, worst imaginable pain). Total analgesic consumption 1 to 24 h after operation was also recorded.

Visual analog scale scores in the 1st, 2nd, 4th, 6th, 12th, and 24th hour were significantly decreased in 75 and 150 mg pregabalin group compared with the

control group, and VAS scores in the 12th and 24th hour were significantly decreased in pregabalin 150 mg compared with 75 mg. The 24th total analgesic consumption was significantly decreased in pregabalin 75 mg and 150 mg groups compared with the control group.

In conclusion, a single preoperative oral dose pregabalin 75 or 150 mg is an effective method for reducing postoperative pain and total analgesic consumption in patients undergoing septoplasty.”
“Urocortin-1 (UCN), a member of the corticotropin-releasing factor, is a cardioprotective peptide, and is also involved in cardiac hypertrophy. The involvement of GSK-3 beta, a pivotal kinase in cardiac hypertrophy, in response to UCN is not yet documented. Cardiomyocytes from adult rats were stimulated for 48 h with UCN.

The PsTPS-3car2 gene was not detected in genomic DNA of susceptible trees. Target-specific selected reaction monitoring confirmed this pattern of differential expression of members of the PsTPS-3car family at the proteome level. Kinetic characterization of the recombinant PsTPS-3car enzymes identified differences in the activities of PsTPS-3car2 and PsTPS-3car3 as a factor contributing to the different (+)-3-carene profiles of resistant and susceptible trees. In conclusion, variation of the (+)-3-carene

phenotype is controlled by copy number variation of PsTPS-3car genes, variation of gene and protein expression, and variation in catalytic efficiencies.”
“Among individuals with chronic LBH589 ic50 hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, approximately 30% of patients show persistently normal alanine aminotransferase (PNALT). Individuals with PNALT have been historically excluded from antiviral treatment. However, some studies have reported sudden worsening of disease in patients with PNALT, suggesting the need to treat such individuals. To evaluate this further, we compared fibrosis severity and response to treatment in patients with PNALT to patients with abnormal ALT. In addition, we investigated whether liver histology and schistosomiasis affect response to treatment differently in those with PNALT and abnormal ALT. A retrospective cohort study of 176 HCV-Genotype 4 (HCV-G4) patients treated with pegylated interferon

(PEG-IFN) and ribavirin. Of 176 cases studied, 53 (30.1%) had normal ALT. Prevalence of pretreatment

severe fibrosis, sustained AZD1208 cost virological response (SVR) and relapse were not significantly different in patients with PNALT (26%, 66% and 5.7% respectively) compared to those with abnormal ALT (32.5%, 60.7%, and 6.6% respectively). Multivariable logistic regression revealed that pretreatment ALT, pretreatment viral load, inflammation and schistosomiasis were not significantly associated with SVR [OR (95% CI), 0.75 (0.34-1.65); 0.92 (0.61-1.37); 1.64 (0.64-4.18); 0.90 (0.44-1.84) respectively]. Severe fibrosis was the only significant predictor of SVR [OR (95% CI), 0.38 (0.14-0.99)]. PNALT does not reflect the degree of fibrotic changes or predict SVR. Furthermore, schistosomiasis is a predictor of neither Selleck XMU-MP-1 fibrosis nor poor response in patients with PNALT. Severe fibrosis is a strong and independent predictor of response to treatment. Therefore, it is important to treat individuals with PNALT levels regardless of schistosomiasis.”
“Sphingolipids play an essential role in the functioning of the secretory pathway in eukaryotic organisms. Their importance in the functional organization of plant cells has not been studied in any detail before. The sphingolipid synthesis inhibitor fumonisin B1 (FB1), a mycotoxin acting as a specific inhibitor of ceramide synthase, was tested for its effects on cell growth, cell polarity, cell shape, cell cycle and on the ultrastructure of BY2 cells.

No clear association between SFA intake relative to refined carbohydrates and the risk of insulin resistance and diabetes has been shown. The effect of diet on a single biomarker is insufficient evidence to assess CHD risk. The combination of multiple biomarkers and the use of clinical end-points could help substantiate the effects on CHD. Furthermore, the effect of particular foods on CHD cannot be predicted solely by their content of total SFAs because individual SFAs may have different cardiovascular effects and major SFA food sources contain other constituents that could influence CHD risk. Research is needed to clarify the role of SFAs compared with specific forms of carbohydrates in CHD risk and

to compare specific foods with appropriate alternatives. Am J Clin Nutr 2011;93:684-8.”
“During NVP-BEZ235 the past 3 decades, cochlear implants have dramatically influenced Deaf education and the Deaf Community. They have also served as catalysts for discord between some members of the Deaf Community and advocates of the technology. In this article, I do not intend to support either side of the spoken English versus sign language debate. Instead, I will discuss ethical and practical issues related to cochlear implants. More specifically, I will address the nature and notion of deafness and

www.selleckchem.com/products/ly2835219.html the purpose of Deaf education. Although many authors have discussed these issues, they have mostly done so from the perspective of hearing scholars and the hearing parents of deaf children. It is important to recognize that understanding deafness and the experience of life from a Deaf individual’s perspective has important implications for further educational policy and practice.”
“A quantum-design approach to reduce the Auger losses in lambda = 2 mu m InGaSb type-I quantum well KPT-8602 edge-emitting lasers is reported. Experimentally realized structures show a similar to 3 x reduction in the threshold, which results in 4.6 x lower Auger current loss at room temperature. This is equivalent to a carrier lifetime improvement of 5.7 x and represents about a 19-fold reduction in the equivalent “”Auger coefficient.”" (C) 2011

American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3646552]“
“Background: The potential combined effects of public policy tools-such as calorie information and taxes on highly caloric foods-on purchasing behavior are rarely studied. Furthermore, these tools are rarely studied in the context of individual differences (eg, dietary restraint), which may play a key role in their effectiveness.

Objective: The current study tests the combined effects of providing calorie information and increased taxes on the total number of calories purchased for lunch. Furthermore, these public policy tools were investigated in the context of high-and low-restrained eaters.

Design: University students (n = 178) had to choose lunch from a menu 3 different times.

The fulcrum flexibility, curve CR, and FBCI were determined for all patients. The difference between the preoperative fulcrum bending angle and postoperative PA angle was defined as Angle(XF), which accounted for the correction contributed by “”X-Factors”". The XFI, designed to measure the curve correcting ability, was calculated by dividing Angle(XF) by the fulcrum flexibility. The XFI was compared with the curve CR and FBCI by re-evaluating

the original data in the original paper (Luk et al. in Spine 23:2303-2307, 1998). The mean standing PA and FBR alignments of the main thoracic curve were 58.3A degrees and 24.5A degrees, respectively. The mean fulcrum flexibility was 58.8%. The mean postoperative standing PA alignment was 24.7A degrees. The mean curve CR was 58.0% and the mean Selleck Veliparib FBCI was 101.1%. The mean XFI was noted as 1.03%. The CR was significantly positively correlated to curve flexibility (r = 0.66; p < 0.01).The FBCI (r = -0.47; p = 0.005) and the XFI (r = -0.45; p = 0.007) were significantly negatively correlated to curve flexibility. The CR was not correlated to EGFR inhibitor Angle(XF) (r = 0.29; p = 0.089).The FBCI (r = 0.97; p < 0.01) and the XFI (r = 0.961; p < 0.01) were significantly positively correlated to Angle(XF).

Variation in XFI was noted in some cases originally presenting with same FBCI values. The XFI attempts to quantify the curve correcting ability as contributed by “”X-Factors”" in the treatment of thoracic AIS. This index may be a valued added parameter IPI-549 clinical trial to accompany the FBCI for comparing curve correction ability among different series of patients, instrumentation, and surgeons. It is recommended that the XFI should be used to document curve correction, compare between different techniques, and used to improve curve correction for the patient.”
“Introduction: Dobutamine stress echocardiography (DSE) is performed to detect subtle ischemic regions in the myocardium in patients suffering from stenosed coronary artery disease. While in a clinical and veterinary context DSE is performed daily, in the preclinical context, a very limited application has been described

in the literature. In the drug development process, the safety of new chemical entities on the cardiovascular system is a primary requirement for the development of new agents/drugs for administration in humans. There are limited tools to evaluate the impairment of myocardial performance and cardiac contractility in preclinical species and particularly in rodents. In this present paper a possible imaging application is presented. Methods: Anesthetised male Crl:CD(SD) rats (n=14) were given single intravenous doses of vehicle (5% w/v Dextrose solution) and dobutamine hydrochloride at 10 mu g/kg/min. Echocardiography was performed, starting immediately before the infusion and animals were monitored up to 5 min after the end of infusion.

Both careful selection of candidates based on clinical variables, and technical factors aimed at enhancing the specificity of blocks may lead to improved outcomes.”
“Objective

When Selleck SBE-β-CD performing transcanal myringoplasty under a microscope, the total circumference of the perforation can be difficult to confirm in patients where the external ear canal is narrow and/or protruded. In such patients, a retroauricular incision approach is usually used. However, we have developed a transcanal endoscopic myringoplasty procedure, and the microscopic and endoscopic views are compared herein for the first time. The

feasibility and advantages of transcanal endoscopic myringoplasty were examined.

Study Design

A prospective case series.

Setting

Tertiary referral center.

Patients

Transcanal endoscopic myringoplasty was performed on 25 ears in 21 patients with chronic otitis media between September 2011 and December 2012.

Intervention

Microscopic and endoscopic views were compared for each patient. The 2 fields of views were both recorded and evaluated to determine the advantages and disadvantages of microscopes and endoscopes. Myringoplasty was performed using an endoscopic technique while comparing views as necessary.

Results

Endoscopic views revealed the entire tympanic membrane in a single field with clear visualization of the perforation edges even when the

ear canal was curved. This clear selleck visualization facilitated reliable refreshing of the perforation edges and grafting. The anterior edge of the perforation was not visible under microscopy in 5 of 25 ears. Under an endoscopic wide view, the tympanic cavity was observable through the perforation, and the orifice of the tube, ossicular chain, and tympanic isthmus were visible especially with large perforations. Transcanal endoscopic myringoplasty was successfully performed with a simple underlay technique or with an intracanal incision in cases of marginal perforation.

Conclusion

Comparison

of microscopic and click here endoscopic views revealed superior visualization and operability of the endoscopic approach as opposed to transcanal simple underlay myringoplasty. Transcanal endoscopic myringoplasty does not require surgical exposure such as a retroauricular skin incision to get an anterior view. Our results demonstrated that transcanal endoscopic myringoplasty can be performed, regardless of the perforation size and the narrowness and/or protrusion of external ear canal.”
“BACKGROUND: The venous cannulation procedure was widely used in many clinical procedures; however, it is associated with pain or discomfort.

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to investigate whether transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) could reduce pain during cannularion of vein.

METHODS: One hundred patients were allocated randomly to 2 groups.

Trismus varied depending on gender, operating time and tooth sectioning. The influence of age, gender and operating time varied depending on the pain evaluation period (p < 0.05).

Conclusions: Short-term outcomes of third molar operations Selleck SB525334 (swelling,

trismus and pain) differ depending on the patients’ characteristics (age, gender and body mass index). Moreover, surgery characteristics such as operating time and tooth sectioning were also associated with postoperative variables.”
“Postoperative arthrofibrosis after primary and revision total knee arthroplasty is a severe complication for the affected patient. Several risk factors have been identified for this diagnosis. We present a series of 3 patients with arthrofibrosis after (revision) total knee arthroplasty. Approximately 2 hours before the operative revision procedure, all patients were irradiated once with 7.01 gray. At latest follow-up, all 3 patients showed a distinct improvement of range of motion. Before revision β-Nicotinamide mouse total knee arthroplasty due to arthrofibrosis, a single dose of pre- or postoperative irradiation should be considered.”
“Predicting response to thalidomide-based therapy remains

a challenging task faced by clinicians in the treatment of multiple myeloma. The pioneering work reported by Rajpal et al. moves one step further towards solving this challenge. They developed a proteomics-based approach that combines immunodepletion, 2D-difference gel electrophoresis analysis and mass spectrometry to search for serum proteins with expressions that show significant correlations to thalidomide treatment. This integrated approach allowed them GSK690693 ic50 to identify a panel of protein biomarkers. By using ELISA-based validation and strict

statistical analysis, the authors have achieved an overall 84.0% predictive accuracy, with associated sensitivity and specificity values of 81.8 and 86.2%, respectively. Their methods and significant findings are reviewed within this article. This panel of biomarkers may not only guide initial therapy, but can also provide direct implications for personalized medicine in multiple myeloma patients.”
“Euphrasia rostkoviana is an edible medicinal species growing in Himalayas. Despite their chemical and biological importance, E. rostkoviana leaves are still poorly studied. In order to improve the knowledge on its metabolite profile and biological properties of two different polar extracts (infusion and ethanol:water) were studied. Phenolic compounds, organic acids, sterols and fatty acids were determined by different chromatographic methods. 6 Hydroxycinnamic acids, nine flavonoids, seven organic acids, 9 fatty acids and two sterols were identified. In general way, infusion presents a greater richness in these metabolites. The antioxidant, acetylcholinesterase, butyrylcholinesterase and antibacterial activity were checked by in vitro assays.

(c) 2010 American Institute of Physics. [doi: 10.1063/1.3512965]“
“Objective. In the present study, the role of macrophages and mast cells in mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA)-induced release of neutrophil chemotactic factor was investigated.

Study design. MTA suspension (50 mg/mL) was plated over inserts on macrophages or mast cells for 90 minutes. Untreated cells served as controls. Cells were washed and cultured for 90 minutes in RPMI without the stimuli. Macrophages and mast cell supernatants were SYN-117 cell line injected intraperitoneally (0.5 mL/cavity), and neutrophil

migration was assessed 6 hours later. In some experiments, cells were incubated for 30 minutes with dexamethasone (DEX, 10 mu M/well), BWA4C (BW, 100 mu M/well) or U75302 (U75, 10 mu M/well). The concentration GS-9973 supplier of Leukotriene B-4 (LTB4) in the cell-free supernatant from mast cells and macrophage

culture was measured by ELISA.

Results. Supernatants from MTA-stimulated macrophages and mast cells caused neutrophil migration. The release of neutrophil chemotactic factor by macrophages and mast cells was significantly inhibited by DEX, BW, or U75. Macrophages and mast cells expressed mRNA for interleukin-1 (IL-1)beta and macrophage inflammatory protein-2 (MIP-2) and the pretreatment of macrophages and mast cells with DEX, BW, or U75 significantly altered IL-1 beta and MIP-2 mRNA expression. LTB4 was detected in the MTA-stimulated macrophage supernatant but not mast cells.

Conclusions. MTA-induces the release of neutrophil chemotactic factor substances from macrophages and mast cells with participation of IL-1

beta, MIP-2, and LTB4. (Oral Surg Screening Library molecular weight Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 2010; 109: e135-e142)”
“The synthesized flame retardant 9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphanthrene-10-oxide/vinyl methyl dimethoxysilane (DV) was used to modify multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs). The results of FTIR, (1)H-NMR, and TGA measurements show that DV has been covalently grafted onto the surfaces of MWNTs, and the MWNTs-g-DV is obtained successfully. Transmission electron microscopy images show that a core-shell nanostructure appears with MWNTs as the core and the DV thin layers as the shell, and the modified MWNTs with DV can achieve better dispersion than unmodified MWNTs in EVM matrix. Thermogravimetric analysis and cone calorimeter tests indicate that the thermal stability and flame retardant are improved for the presence of the MWNTs in EVM matrix. Moreover, the improvement is more evident for EVM/MWNTs-g-DV composite compared to unmodified MWNTs-based composite, which can be attributed to the better dispersion of the DV-modified MWNTs and to the chemical structure of the combustion residue. (C) 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

on a single web server named BiodMHC (http://biod.whu.edu.cn/BiodMHC/index.html, the software is available Entinostat molecular weight upon request). Using a standard measure of AUC (Area Under the receiver operating characteristic Curves), we compare these methods by means of not only cross validation but also prediction oil independent test datasets. We find that SMM-align, ProPred, SVR-pairwise, ARB, and Gibbs sampler are the five best-performing methods. For the binding affinity prediction of class 11 MHC-peptide, BiodMHC provides a convenient online platform for researchers to obtain binding information simultaneously using various methods.”
“A CONSORT statement on the content of abstracts of randomised,

controlled trials (RCTs) was published in 2008. I therefore reviewed the abstracts from 2009 to 2010 published on RCTs in Cephalalgia, Headache and other (non-headache) journals. The following items were reviewed: number of patients, reporting of response either in percentages or absolute

values, the use of p values, and effect size with its precision. The latter was recommended in the CONSORT statement. A total of 46 abstracts were reviewed and effect size with 95% confidence intervals was only reported in seven abstracts. The influence of the CONSORT statement on reporting in abstracts has so far only had a limited influence on the headache literature.”
“It is recognised that airway inflammation is key to asthma pathogenesis. Biopharmaceutical approaches have identified new therapies that target key cells and mediators that drive the inflammatory responses in the asthmatic lung. Such an approach Torin 2 datasheet RG-7388 cell line resulted in the development of biologics targeted at inhibition of interleukin (IL)-4, IL-5 and IL-13. However, early clinical trials with these biologics in patients with asthma were, for the most part, disappointing even though they were highly effective in animal models of asthma. It is becoming apparent that significant clinical effects with

anti-cytokine-based therapies are more likely in carefully selected patient populations that take asthma phenotypes into account. The development of discriminatory biomarkers and genetic profiling may aid identification of such patients with asthma. This review summarises the current evidence, demonstrating the effectiveness or otherwise of the targeting of IL-5 in patients with asthma.”
“Simultaneous heading of plants within the same rice variety, also refer to heading synchrony, is an important factor that affects simultaneous ripening of the variety. Understanding of the genetic basis of heading synchrony may contribute to molecular breeding of rice with simultaneous heading and ripening. In the present study, a doubled haploid (DH) population, derived from a cross between Chunjiang 06 and TN1 was used to analyze quantitative trait locus (QTL) for heading synchrony related traits, i.e.

Summary

Periarthritis is typically a symptom-limiting condition that resolves

spontaneously. Numerous conservative treatment modalities each with varying levels of evidence exist for use in refractory cases. Future study is necessary to further refine the efficacy and parameters associated with available interventions.”
“Study Design. Computer tomography scans were used to asses the opening of the sacral canal.

Objective. We investigated the prevalence of sacral spina www.selleckchem.com/products/ulixertinib-bvd-523-vrt752271.html bifida occulta in 2 population groups: born 1940 to 1950 and 1980 to 1990.

Summary of Background Data. Comparison of the prevalence of spina bifida occulta in the first-century Pompeii with that in 20th century European and Mediterranean populations indicates that the degree of the closure of vertebral arches in the sacrum has undergone changes and the prevalence of spina bifida occulta is increasing.

Methods. Transverse computer tomograph scans and multiplanar reconstruction images of sacra of 100 males and 100 females born 1940 to ZD1839 mouse 1950 and 100 males and 100 females born 1980 to 1990 were used after ethics committee approval.

Results. The individuals born later have significantly more open sacral arches when compared with those born 40 years earlier, especially in

the midsacral region. Also, males have open sacral arches in the rostral segments of the sacrum more than females.

Conclusion. This study demonstrates a secular trend in the opening of the sacral canal in both sexes that occurred within 2 generations. buy BIX 01294 Also, the increased prevalence of open sacral canal in males suggests a different response between sexes to the forces of evolution.”
“At the beginning of the third week of pregnancy, mouse fetuses with targeted disruption of their paternally-transmitted insulin-like growth factor 2 gene placental-specific transcripts have growth-restricted placentas but normal body weights due to upregulated placental nutrient transport. We

assessed whether increased placental glucose transport rates were associated with raised maternal glucose concentrations by performing intraperitoneal glucose tolerance tests (ipGTT) in pregnant mice carrying knockout pups and comparing them with mice carrying genotype-matched phenotypically wild type pups. Mean +/- SD body weights of affected pups were 95 +/- 8% of control values at e16 and 73 +/- 7% at e18. There were no differences in areas under the maternal ipGTT curves at either e16 (mean +/- SD being 99.0 +/- 9.1% of control values; P = .9) or e18 (91.4 +/- 13.4%; P = .3), suggesting that effects on transplacental glucose transport in these mice are not mediated through changes in maternal glucose concentrations.”
“Purpose of review

To explore the causal relationship between metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes and hyperuricemia.